Parabolic trough solar thermal electric power plants. The process excels with its consistent environmental compatibility. The remaining thermal energy will be provided by a natural gas boiler, which will work in series with the solar field and supply thermal energy to the power block when the solar energy is not available. Annual solar electricity yield of solar thermal power plants 20 0 mw e segs in northern africa. Solar field the solar field is the heatcollecting portion of the plant. Total potential 10 6 twh e year, world electricity demand in 1998 was 10 3. However, the solar power plants can be made very easily in few years as they are made readily. Power plants which use the solar energy hereinafter referred to as. California and are now being built in spain and the us, the growing interest. This means that certain locations where there is less sun are workable for a solar power plant. Solar thermal power plants can work in both areas as well. Certainly, the right size of the solar field is the first selection with regard to nominal electrical power.
Power tower system, heliostat field layout, solar power tower system, csp, innovated ps10. Features of solar thermal power plants worldwide, solar thermal power plants with a total capacity of about 2. University of south florida design, construction and. Solarthermal power generation encompasses all the methods. Mediumtemperature collectors are also usually flat plates but are used for heating water or air for residential and commercial use. For that reason, many people hope solar thermal power will be implanted in sunbelt countries. One of the newest concentrated solar plants is crescent dunes, operated by solarreserve llc of. Lowtemperature collectors are generally unglazed and used to heat swimming pools or to heat ventilation air. The power block that will convert the thermal energy to electricity is based on organic rankine cycle. Solar pv power generation system detailed project report confidential february 2014 5 c. How does a power plant work with integrated sea water desalination.
This paper compares the two technologies, providing a short description of how they work, areas in which they operate and costdevelopments. With the hot fluid and thanks to the laws of thermodynamics, steam can be generated. Solar thermal power plants concentrated solar power, csp for short on the other hand provide fixed capacities, since they have integrated heat storage systems and partly pursue a. This paper lines out the history of solar thermal power plants up to now, gives an. The steam at high temperature 536 c to 540 c and pressure 140 to 170 kgcm2. The major component of any solar system is the parabolic trough solar collector. Solar thermal collectors are classified by the united states energy information administration as low, medium, or hightemperature collectors.
Only few technologies among the renewables offer this base load ability. Analytical study of an innovated solar power tower ps10. These plants are only as effective as the amount of solar energy they can absorb. Design of solar thermal power plants introduces the basic design methods of solar thermal power plants for technicians engaged in solar thermal power generation engineering. Introduction solar thermal power plants can guarantee supply security by integration of thermal energy storages and or by using a solar fossil hybrid operation strategy.
They act as a source of energy which is total pollution free and environment friendly. Solar thermal technology is largescale by comparison. The steam is kept on heating till it becomes superheated. The solar power plant operates on the principle of photovoltaic effect, direct voltage and current are generated in solar cells. Heat from the suns rays is collected and used to heat a fluid. Solar power photovoltaics or solar thermal power plants.
Introduction on solar energy and solar power plants. There is a high pressure turbine at one end, followed by an intermediate pressure turbine, two low pressure turbines, and the generator. A solar thermal power plant or solar thermal power plant is an industrial installation in which solar radiation is used to generate electricity solar radiation is used to heat a fluid. Although many solar technologies have been demonstrated, parabolic trough solar thermal electric power plant technology represents one of the major renewable energy success stories of the last two decades. Solar powers plants that are being for some time now, helps in supplying energy. Type of power plants and their principle thermal,hydro,gas turbine,nuclear,solar,wind, geo thermal power plant this video gives you the answer of. Bj orn laumert, external supervisor, kth royal institute of technology kth school of industrial engineering and management. This publication presents an overview to help researchers, industry, and planners to work together to reach the ambitious targets set in the white paper. Completed january 2010, 126 decommissioned september 2011 and sold to condisys solar technology of china on april 2012. A solar power tower system is an attractive method to achieve massively huge power and high concentration of solar irradiance for electricity generation or thermal processes. How solar thermal power can be the future of renewable. What policies have been proven to work effectively for boosting ste. The arpa e project objective is to develop specialized heatexchange equipment specifically for use with ddc.
The most common type of solar thermal power plants, including those plants in californias mojave desert, use a parabolic trough design to collect the suns radiation. Receiver design methodology for solar tower power plants master thesis joseph stalin maria jebamalai department of energy technology supervisors. This system generates power by rotating turbines like thermal and nuclear power plants, and. Pdf solar thermal power plants for hydrogen production. The steam drives a steam turbine that is connected to a generator these types of plants have the same operating principle. The turbine generator consists of a series of steam turbines interconnected to each other and a generator on a common shaft. Advances in concentrating solar thermal research and technology provides detailed information on the latest advances in cst systems research and technology. Final report on technical data, costs, and life cycle inventories of. In contrast to photovoltaic plants, solar thermal power plants are not based on the photo effect, but generate electricity from the heat produced by sunlight. Solar thermal power generation systems also known as solar thermal electricity. What is the working principle of thermal power plant. Design of a 25 mwe solar thermal power plant in iran with. Making solar thermal power generation in india a reality.
Sahara desert is sufficient in order to meet the worlds electricity requirements with solar thermal power plants. Solar energy is directly transformed into electricity and then connected to the low voltage distribution grid in. Economic thermal storage is a key technological issue for the future success of solar thermal technologies. The principle of solar power plants is quite simple. One big difference from pv is that solar thermal power plants generate electricity indirectly. Peter sch ottl, internal supervisor, fraunhofer ise, freiburg dr. Solar thermal electric power plants thermal systems. Solar thermal electric power plants generally use concentrated sunlight obtained through various mirror configurations to focus the suns energy to produce hightemperature heat. They are particularly suitable for generating electricity in regions with high direct irradiation. Solar power plants require a large area of land to efficiently absorb solar energy. Advances in concentrating solar thermal research and.
Survey of thermal storage for parabolic trough power plants. The ste sector is now on a steady development pathway. The steam produced from the heated fluid powers a generator that produces electricity. It consists of one or more loops of solar collector assemblies scas. Staiss, solar thermal power plants for the mediterranean area, springler verlag, 1992. The utilization of solar energy as an alternative energy to overcome crisis energy, especially oil, happened since 1970 s get a quite big.
The heliostat field layout is a key parameter in solar. Pdf an overview of solar thermal power generation systems. Solar thermal power plants power technology energy. Parabolic trough power plants are the only type of solar thermal power plant technology with existing commercial operating systems until 2008. Applications the system is ideal for industries and institutions where the energy usage is. Photovoltaic pv power plants generally offer low generation costs and volatile electricity production, but cannot secure supplies by themselves. Introduction solar thermal power generation systems use mirrors to collect sunlight and produce steam by solar heat to drive turbines for generating power. Solar photovoltaic technologies solar thermal power plants 4. This book includes the authors theoretical investigation and study findings in solar heat concentrators, a performance evaluation of solar thermal collectors, a numerical simulation of the heat transfer process between. A vast area will be economically unreasonable whereas a small area will mainly cause.
While the cost to produce power from solar thermal is still pricier than conventional photovoltaic panels, solar thermal has an ace in its back pocket it can run after sunset. List of current solar thermal power plants in operation. A thermal power plant works on the principle of rankine cycle 1. It promotes a deep understanding of the challenges the different cst technologies are confronted with, of the research that is taking place worldwide to address those challenges, and of the. Pdf grant from undpgef to assess an initial brazilian pilot. European research on concentrated solar thermal energy. Solar thermal and photovoltaic power plants in comparison.
The use of conventional components, as well as the combination of a solar thermal power plant with fossil power plants into a hybrid power plant, is absolutely possible. A solar thermal power plant was already constructed close to cairo at the beginning of. A steam can only attain a particular temperature at a particular pressure. Areas of the world with high pollution or cloud cover are also not good locations. At the beginning, the liquid work ing medium is highly pressurised and undergoes a phase change while heat is added. The heat energy is then transferred to a fluid or gas, which is used in a typical power plant cycle to convert the heat energy to mechanical energy and then electricity. Nowadays, parabolic trough solar thermal plants are prevalent around the world.
Research area for concentrated solar thermal systems will be shaped. The traditional solar plants that were used before were solar thermal plants. These collectors are known as linear concentrator systems, and the largest are able to generate 80 megawatts of electricity source. The sma solar academy transfer of knowledge wellmatched comprehensive seminar program small, medium and large scalepvplantsscale pv plants sma solar technology ag p. In capacity terms, 354 mwe of electrical power are installed in california, and a plenty of new plants are currently in the planning process in other locations. They consists of a field of solar photovoltaic modules connected them in series and parallel and connected to one or more inverters. Design and sizing of solar thermal power plant stpp in egypt. They are shaped like a halfpipe youd see used for snowboarding or. A solar thermal power plant was already constructed close to cairo at the beginning of the 20th century. In this paper, the main components of a solar field.
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